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A Bond being vitiated in substantialibus, and this consequently presumed dolose done, the Lords found it not relevant to be proved by the instrumentary witnesses that the writ was vitiated at subscribing; for though the tenor of a bond may be proved by witnesses, this is ex necessitate, which obtains not in the present case; for, in executing writings, it is easy to avoid vitiations.
Fol. Dic. v. 2. p. 213. Stair.
*** This case is No 217. p. 11536, voce Presumption.