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Child Maintenance Act (Northern Ireland) 2008

2008 CHAPTER 10

Go to Preamble

An Act to amend the law relating to child support; and for connected purposes.

[2nd July 2008]

BE IT ENACTED by being passed by the Northern Ireland Assembly and assented to by Her Majesty as follows:

PART 1 ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT

Promotion of child maintenance

1. The Department must take such steps as it thinks appropriate for the purpose of raising awareness among parents of the importance of–

(a) taking responsibility for the maintenance of their children, and

(b) making appropriate arrangements for the maintenance of children of theirs who live apart from them.

Provision of information and guidance

2.–(1) The Department must provide to parents such information and guidance as it thinks appropriate for the purpose of helping to secure the existence of effective maintenance arrangements for children who live apart from one or both of their parents.

(2) The Department may provide information for other purposes in the course of exercising its function under subsection (1).

Fees

3.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision about the charging of fees by the Department in connection with the exercise of its functions relating to child support.

(2) Regulations under subsection (1) may, in particular, make provision

(a) about when a fee may be charged;

(b) about the amount which may be charged;

(d) about who is liable to pay any fee charged;

(e) about when any fee charged is payable;

(f) about the recovery of fees charged;

(g) about waiver, reduction or repayment of fees.

(3) The power conferred by subsection (1) includes power to make provision for the charging of fees which are not related to costs.

(4) The Department may by regulations provide that the provisions of the Child Support (Northern Ireland) Order 1991 (NI 23) (in this Act referred to as "the Child Support Order") with respect to–

(a) the collection of child support maintenance,

(b) the enforcement of any obligation to pay child support maintenance,

shall apply equally (with any necessary modifications) to fees payable by virtue of regulations under subsection (1).

(5) The Department may by regulations make provision for a person affected by a decision of the Department under regulations under subsection (1) to have a right of appeal against the decision to an appeal tribunal.

(6) Paragraphs (3) to (5), (7) and (8) of Article 22 of the Child Support Order (appeals to appeal tribunals) apply to appeals under regulations under subsection (5) as they apply to appeals under that Article.

Agency arrangements and provision of services

4.–(1) Arrangements may be made between the Department and any relevant authority for–

(a) any functions of one of them to be exercised on their behalf by, or by members of staff of, the other;

(b) the provision of administrative, professional or technical services by one of them for the other.

(2) The reference in subsection (1)(a) to functions does not include functions of making, confirming or approving statutory rules.

(3) The Department may make arrangements under this section on such terms and conditions as it thinks fit.

(4) In this section "relevant authority" means–

(a) any Northern Ireland department;

(b) a public body specified in regulations made by the Department for the purposes of this section.

(5) For the purposes of this section, functions of the Department are functions relating to child support.

Contracting out

5.–(1) Any function relating to child support may be exercised by, or by employees of, such person (if any) as the Department may authorise for the purpose.

(2) An authorisation given by virtue of subsection (1) may authorise the exercise of the function concerned–

(a) either wholly or to such extent as may be specified in the authorisation,

(b) either generally or in such cases or areas as may be so specified, and

(3) An authorisation given by virtue of subsection (1)–

(a) may specify its duration,

(b) may be revoked at any time by the Department, and

(c) shall not prevent the Department or any other person from exercising the function to which the authorisation relates.

(4) Where a person is authorised to exercise any function by virtue of subsection (1), anything done or omitted to be done by or in relation to that person (or an employee of that person) in, or in connection with, the exercise or purported exercise of the function shall be treated for all purposes as done or omitted to be done by or in relation to the Department.

(5) Subsection (4) shall not apply–

(a) for the purposes of so much of any contract made between the authorised person and the Department as relates to the exercise of the function, or

(b) for the purposes of any criminal proceedings brought in respect of anything done or omitted to be done by the authorised person (or an employee of that person).

(6) Where–

(a) a person is authorised to exercise any function by virtue of subsection (1), and

(b) the authorisation is revoked at a time when a relevant contract is subsisting,

the authorised person shall be entitled to treat the relevant contract as repudiated by the Department (and not as frustrated by reason of the revocation).

(7) In subsection (6), the reference to a relevant contract is to so much of any contract made between the authorised person and the Department as relates to the exercise of the function.

Supplementary provisions

6.–(1) In this Part, "child" has the same meaning as in the Child Support Order.

(2) The Department may by regulations make provision about when a child is, or is not, to be regarded for the purposes of this Part as living apart from a parent.

(3) In this Part, "functions relating to child support" means functions of the Department under

(a) this Act or under any provision made under this Act;

(b) the Child Support Order or under any provision made under that Order;

PART 2 CHILD SUPPORT ETC.

Removal of compulsion for benefit claimants

Repeal of Articles 9 and 43

7. The following provisions of the Child Support Order cease to have effect–

(a) Article 9 (under which the claim of benefit by or in respect of a parent with care, or the payment of benefit to or in respect of such a person, triggers an application by her or him for child support maintenance), and

(b) Article 43 (which enables the Department in certain circumstances to reduce the benefit of a person in relation to whom Article 9 triggers the making of an application for child support maintenance).

Maintenance calculations

Changes to the calculation of maintenance

8. Schedule 1 (which makes various changes to the provisions about the calculation of maintenance) has effect.

Power to regulate supersession

9. In Article 19 of the Child Support Order (decisions superseding earlier decisions), for paragraphs (2) and (3) substitute–

"(2) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to the exercise of the power under paragraph (1).

(3) Regulations under paragraph (2) may, in particular–

(a) make provision about the cases and circumstances in which the power under paragraph (1) is exercisable, including provision restricting the exercise of that power by virtue of change of circumstance;

(b) make provision with respect to the consideration by the Department, when acting under paragraph (1), of any issue which has not led to its so acting;

Determination of applications for a variation

10.–(1) Article 28D of the Child Support Order is amended as follows.

(2) After paragraph (2) insert–

"(2A) Paragraph (2B) applies if

(a) the application for a variation is made by the person with care, and

(b) it appears to the Department that consideration of further information or evidence may affect its decision under paragraph (1)(a) whether or not to agree to a variation.

(2B) Before making the decision under paragraph (1)(a) the Department must–

(a) consider any such information or evidence that is available to it, and

(b) where necessary, take such steps as the Department considers appropriate to obtain any such further information or evidence.".

(3) In paragraph (3), after "duties" insert ", apart from the duty under paragraph (2B)".

Transfer of cases to new rules

11. Schedule 2 (which makes provision for, and in connection with, enabling the Department to require existing cases to transfer to the new maintenance calculation rules or to leave the statutory scheme, so far as future accrual of liability is concerned) has effect.

Collection and enforcement

Use of deduction from earnings orders as basic method of payment

12. In Article 29 of the Child Support Order (under which payments of child support maintenance are to be made in accordance with regulations) at the end add–

"(4) If the regulations include provision for payment by means of deduction in accordance with an order under Article 31, they must make provision–

(a) for that method of payment not to be used in any case where there is good reason not to use it; and

(b) for the person against whom the order under Article 31 would be made to have a right of appeal to a court of summary jurisdiction against a decision that the exclusion required by sub-paragraph (a) does not apply.

(5) On an appeal under regulations made under paragraph (4)(b) the court shall not question the maintenance calculation by reference to which the order under Article 31 would be made.

(6) Regulations under paragraph (4)(b) may include–

(a) provision with respect to the period within which a right of appeal under the regulations may be exercised;

(b) provision with respect to the powers of a court of summary jurisdiction in relation to an appeal under the regulations.

(7) If the regulations include provision for payment by means of deduction in accordance with an order under Article 31, they may make provision

(a) prescribing matters which are, or are not, to be taken into account in determining whether there is good reason not to use that method of payment;

(b) prescribing circumstances in which good reason not to use that method of payment is, or is not, to be regarded as existing.".

Deduction from earnings orders: the liable person´s earnings

13. In Article 31 of the Child Support Order (deduction from earnings orders), for paragraph (8) substitute–

"(8) In this Article and Article 32 "earnings" means (subject to such exceptions as may be prescribed) any sums payable to a person which fall within one or more of the following sub-paragraphs–

(a) sums payable by way of wages or salary (including any fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or other emoluments payable in addition to wages or salary or payable under a contract of service);

(b) periodical payments by way of pension (including an annuity payable for the purpose of providing a pension), whether or not in respect of past services;

(c) periodical payments by way of compensation for the loss, abolition or relinquishment, or diminution in the emoluments, of any office or employment;

(d) sums payable by way of statutory sick pay.

(9) For the purposes of this Article and Article 32 any person who (as a principal and not as a servant or agent) pays to the liable person any earnings is to be treated as having the liable person in his employment; and the following are to be read accordingly–

(a) in this Article and Article 32, references to the liable person´s employer; and

(b) in Article 32(3), "employment", "employed" and "re-employed".".

Orders for regular deductions from accounts

14. After Article 32 of the Child Support Order insert–

"Orders for regular deductions from accounts

32A.–(1) If in relation to any person it appears to the Department–

(a) that the person has failed to pay an amount of child support maintenance; and

(b) that the person holds an account with a deposit-taker;

it may make an order against that person to secure the payment of any amount due under the maintenance calculation in question by means of regular deductions from the account

(2) An order under this Article may be made so as to secure the payment of–

(a) arrears of child support maintenance payable under the calculation;

(b) amounts of child support maintenance which will become payable under the calculation; or

(3) An order under this Article may be made in respect of amounts due under a maintenance calculation which is the subject of an appeal only if it appears to the Department–

(a) that liability for the amounts would not be affected were the appeal to succeed; or

(b) where sub-paragraph (a) does not apply, that the making of an order under this Article in respect of the amounts would nonetheless be fair in all the circumstances.

(4) An order under this Article–

(a) may not be made in respect of an account of a prescribed description; and

(b) may be made in respect of a joint account which is held by the person against whom the order is made and one or more other persons, and which is not of a description prescribed under sub-paragraph (a), if (but only if) regulations made by the Department so provide.

(5) An order under this Article–

(a) shall specify the account in respect of which it is made;

(b) shall be expressed to be directed at the deposit-taker with which the account is held; and

(6) An order under this Article shall operate as an instruction to the deposit-taker at which it is directed to–

(a) make deductions from the amount (if any) standing to the credit of the account specified in the order; and

(b) pay the amount deducted to the Department.

(7) The Department shall serve a copy of any order made under this Article on–

(a) the deposit-taker at which it is directed;

(b) the person against whom it is made; and

(8) Where–

(a) an order under this Article has been made; an

(b) a copy of the order has been served on the deposit-taker at which it is directed,

it shall be the duty of that deposit-taker to comply with the order; but the deposit-taker shall not be under any liability for non-compliance before the end of the period of 7 days beginning with the day on which the copy was served on the deposit-taker.

(9) Where regulations have been made under Article 29(3)(a), a person liable to pay an amount of child support maintenance is to be taken for the purposes of this Article to have failed to pay an amount of child support maintenance unless it is paid to or through the person specified in, or by virtue of, the regulations for the case in question.

Orders under Article 32A: joint accounts

32B.–(1) Before making an order under Article 32A in respect of a joint account the Department shall offer each of the account-holders an opportunity to make representations about–

(a) the proposal to make the order; and

(b) the amounts to be deducted under the order, if it is made.

(2) The amounts to be deducted from a joint account under such an order shall not exceed the amounts that appear to the Department to be fair in all the circumstances.

(3) In determining those amounts the Department shall have particular regard to–

(a) any representations made in accordance with paragraph (1)(b);

(b) the amount contributed to the account by each of the account-holders; and

Regulations about orders under Article 32A

32C.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to orders under Article 32A.

(2) Regulations under paragraph (1) may, in particular, make provision–

(a) requiring an order to specify the amount or amounts in respect of which it is made;

(b) requiring an order to specify the amounts which are to be deducted under it in order to meet liabilities under the maintenance calculation in question;

(d) for the rate of deduction under an order not to exceed such rate as may be specified in, or determined in accordance with, the regulations;

(e) as to circumstances in which amounts standing to the credit of an account are to be disregarded for the purposes of Article 32A

(f) as to the payment of sums deducted under an order to the Department;

(g) allowing the deposit-taker at which an order is directed to deduct from the amount standing to the credit of the account specified in the order a prescribed amount towards its administrative costs before making any deduction required by Article 32A(6)(a);

(h) with respect to notifications to be given to the person against whom an order is made (and, in the case of an order made in respect of a joint account, to the other account holders) of amounts deducted, and amounts paid, under the order;

(i) requiring the deposit-taker at which an order is directed to notify the Department in the prescribed manner and within a prescribed period–

(i) if the account specified in the order does not exist at the time at which the order is served on the deposit-taker;

(ii) of any other accounts held with the deposit-taker at that time by the person against whom the order is made;

(j) requiring the deposit-taker at which an order is directed to notify the Department in the prescribed manner and within a prescribed period if, after the time at which the order is served on the deposit-taker–

(i) the account specified in the order is closed;

(ii) a new account of any description is opened with the deposit-taker by the person against whom the order is made;

(k) as to circumstances in which the deposit-taker at which an order is directed, the person against whom the order is made and (in the case of an order made in respect of a joint account) the other account-holders may apply to the Department for it to review the order and as to such a review;

(l) for the variation of orders;

(m) similar to that made by Article 32A(8), in relation to any variation of an order;

(n) for an order to lapse in such circumstances as may be prescribed;

(o) as to the revival of an order in such circumstances as may be prescribed;

(p) allowing or requiring an order to be discharged;

(q) as to the giving of notice by the Department to the deposit-taker that an order has lapsed or ceased to have effect.

(3) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to priority as between an order under Article 32A and–

(a) any other order under that Article;

(b) any order under any other statutory provision which provides for deductions from the same account.

(4) The Department shall by regulations make provision for any person affected to have a right to appeal to a court

(a) against the making of an order under Article 32A;

(b) against any decision made by the Department on an application under regulations made under paragraph (2)(k).

(5) On an appeal under regulations made under paragraph (4)(a), the court shall not question the maintenance calculation by reference to which the order was made.

(6) Regulations under paragraph (4) may include–

(a) provision with respect to the period within which a right of appeal under the regulations may be exercised;

(b) provision with respect to the powers of the court to which the appeal under the regulations lies.

Orders under Article 32A: offences

32D.–(1) A person who fails to comply with the requirements of–

(a) an order under Article 32A, or

(b) any regulation under Article 32C which is designated by the regulations for the purposes of this sub-paragraph,

commits an offence.

(2) It shall be a defence for a person charged with an offence under paragraph (1) to prove that the person took all reasonable steps to comply with the requirements in question.

(3) A person guilty of an offence under paragraph (1) shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale.".

Lump sum deduction orders

15. After Article 32D of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 14) insert–

"Lump sum deductions: interim orders

32E.–(1) The Department may make an order under this Article if it appears to the Department that a person (referred to in this Article and Articles 32F to 32J as "the liable person") has failed to pay an amount of child support maintenance and–

(a) an amount stands to the credit of an account held by the liable person with a deposit-taker; or

(b) an amount not within sub-paragraph (a) that is of a prescribed description is due or accruing to the liable person from another person (referred to in this Article and Articles 32F to 32J as the "third party").

(2) An order under this Article–

(a) may not be made by virtue of paragraph (1)(a) in respect of an account of a prescribed description; an

(b) may be made by virtue of paragraph (1)(a) in respect of a joint account which is held by the liable person and one or more other persons, and which is not of a description prescribed under sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph, if (but only if) regulations made by the Department so provide.

(3) The Department may by regulations make provision as to conditions that are to be disregarded in determining whether an amount is due or accruing to the liable person for the purposes of paragraph (1)(b).

(4) An order under this Article–

(a) shall be expressed to be directed at the deposit-taker or third party in question;

(b) if made by virtue of paragraph (1)(a), shall specify the account in respect of which it is made; and

(c) shall specify the amount of arrears of child support maintenance in respect of which the Department proposes to make an order under Article 32F.

(5) An order under this Article may specify an amount of arrears due under a maintenance calculation which is the subject of an appeal only if it appears to the Department–

(a) that liability for the amount would not be affected were the appeal to succeed; or

(b) where sub-paragraph (a) does not apply, that the making of an order under Article 32F in respect of the amount would nonetheless be fair in all the circumstances.

(6) The Department shall serve a copy of any order made under this Article on–

(a) the deposit-taker or third party at which it is directed;

(b) the liable person; and

(7) An order under this Article shall come into force at the time at which it is served on the deposit-taker or third party at which it is directed.

(8) An order under this Article shall cease to be in force at the earliest of the following–

(a) the time at which the prescribed period ends;

(b) the time at which the order under this Article lapses or is discharged; and

(c) the time at which an order under Article 32F made in pursuance of the proposal specified in the order under this Article is served on the deposit-taker or third party at which that order is directed.

(9) Where regulations have been made under Article 29(3)(a), a person liable to pay an amount of child support maintenance is to be taken for the purposes of this Article to have failed to pay the amount unless it is paid to or through the person specified in, or by virtue of, the regulations for the case in question.

Lump sum deductions: final order

32F.–(1) The Department may make an order under this Article in pursuance of a proposal specified in an order under Article 32E if–

(a) the order in which the proposal was specified ("the interim order") is in force;

(b) the period prescribed for the making of representations to the Department in respect of the proposal specified in the interim order has expired; and

(2) An order under this Article–

(a) shall be expressed to be directed at the deposit-taker or third party at which the interim order was directed;

(b) if the interim order was made by virtue of Article 32E(1)(a), shall specify the account specified in the interim order; and

(3) The amount so specified–

(a) shall not exceed the amount of arrears specified in the interim order which remain unpaid at the time at which the order under this Article is made; and

(b) if the order is made in respect of a joint account, shall not exceed the amount that appears to the Department to be fair in all the circumstances.

(4) In determining the amount to be specified in an order made in respect of a joint account the Department shall have particular regard–

(a) to the amount contributed to the account by each of the account-holders; and

(b) to such other matters as may be prescribed.

(5) An order under this Article may specify an amount of arrears due under a maintenance calculation which is the subject of an appeal only if it appears to the Department–

(a) that liability for the amount would not be affected were the appeal to succeed; or

(b) where sub-paragraph (a) does not apply, that the making of an order under this Article in respect of the amount would nonetheless be fair in all the circumstances.

(6) The Department shall serve a copy of any order made under this Article on–

(a) the deposit-taker or third party at which it is directed;

(b) the liable person; an

Orders under Articles 32E and 32F: freezing of accounts etc.

32G.–(1) During the relevant period, an order under Article 32E or 32F which specifies an account held with a deposit-taker shall operate as an instruction to the deposit-taker not to do anything that would reduce the amount standing to the credit of the account below the amount specified in the order (or, if already below that amount, that would further reduce it).

(2) During the relevant period, any other order under Article 32E or 32F shall operate as an instruction to the third party at which it is directed not to do anything that would reduce the amount due to the liable person below the amount specified in the order (or, if already below that amount, that would further reduce it).

(3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) have effect subject to regulations made under Article 32I(1).

(4) In this Article "the relevant period", in relation to an order under Article 32E, means the period during which the order is in force.

(5) In this Article and Article 32H "the relevant period", in relation to an order under Article 32F, means the period which–

(a) begins with the service of the order on the deposit-taker or third party at which it is directed; and

(b) (subject to paragraph (6)) ends with the end of the period during which an appeal can be brought against the order by virtue of regulations under Article 32J(5).

(6) If an appeal is brought by virtue of the regulations, the relevant period ends at the time at which–

(a) proceedings on the appeal (including any proceedings on a further appeal) have been concluded; and

(b) any period during which a further appeal may ordinarily be brought has ended.

(7) References in this Article and Articles 32H and 32J to the amount due to the liable person are to be read as references to the total of any amounts within Article 32E(1)(b) that are due or accruing to the liable person from the third party in question.

Orders under Article 32F: deductions and payments

32H.–(1) Once the relevant period has ended, an order under Article 32F which specifies an account held with a deposit-taker shall operate as an instruction to the deposit-taker–

(a) if the amount standing to the credit of the account is less than the remaining amount, to pay to the Department the amount standing to the credit of the account; and

(b) otherwise, to deduct from the account and pay to the Department the remaining amount

(2) If an amount of arrears specified in the order remains unpaid after any payment required by paragraph (1) has been made, the order shall operate until the relevant time as an instruction to the deposit-taker–

(a) to pay to the Department any amount (not exceeding the remaining amount) standing to the credit of the account specified in the order; and

(b) not to do anything else that would reduce the amount standing to the credit of the account.

(3) Once the relevant period has ended, any other order under Article 32F shall operate as an instruction to the third party at which it is directed–

(a) if the amount due to the liable person is less than the remaining amount, to pay to the Department the amount due to the liable person; and

(b) otherwise, to deduct from the amount due to the liable person and pay to the Department the remaining amount.

(4) If an amount of arrears specified in the order remains unpaid after any payment required by paragraph (3) has been made, the order shall operate until the relevant time as an instruction to the third party–

(a) to pay to the Department any amount (not exceeding the remaining amount) due to the liable person; and

(b) not to do anything else that would reduce any amount due to the liable person.

(5) This Article has effect subject to regulations made under Articles 32I(1) and 32J(2)(c).

(6) In this Article–

"the relevant time" means the earliest of the following–

(a)

the time at which the remaining amount is paid;

(b)

the time at which the order lapses or is discharged; and

(c)

the time at which a prescribed event occurs or prescribed circumstances arise;

"the remaining amount", in relation to any time, means the amount of arrears specified in the order under Article 32F which remains unpaid at that time.

Power to disapply Articles 32G(1) and (2) and 32H(2)(b) and (4)(b)

32I.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision as to circumstances in which things that would otherwise be in breach of Articles 32G(1) and (2) and 32H(2)(b) and (4)(b) may be done.

(2) Regulations under paragraph (1) may require the Department´s consent to be obtained in prescribed circumstances.

(3) Regulations under paragraph (1) which require the Department´s consent to be obtained may provide for an application for that consent to be made

(a) by the deposit-taker or third party at which the order under Article 32E or 32F is directed;

(b) by the liable person; and

(4) If regulations under paragraph (1) require the Department´s consent to be obtained, the Department shall by regulations provide for a person of a prescribed description to have a right of appeal to a court against the withholding of that consent.

(5) Regulations under paragraph (4) may include–

(a) provision with respect to the period within which a right of appeal under the regulations may be exercised;

(b) provision with respect to the powers of the court to which the appeal under the regulations lies.

Regulations about orders under Article 32E or 32F

32J.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to orders under Article 32E or 32F.

(2) The regulations may, in particular, make provision–

(a) as to circumstances in which amounts standing to the credit of an account are to be disregarded for the purposes of Articles 32E, 32G and 32H;

(b) as to the payment to the Department of sums deducted under an order under Article 32F;

(c) allowing a deposit-taker or third party at which an order under Article 32F is directed to deduct from the amount standing to the credit of the account specified in the order, or due to the liable person, a prescribed amount towards its administrative costs before making any payment to the Department required by Article 32H;

(d) with respect to notifications to be given to the liable person (and, in the case of an order made in respect of a joint account, to the other account-holders) as to amounts deducted, and amounts paid, under an order under Article 32F;

(e) requiring a deposit-taker or third party at which an order under Article 32E or 32F is directed to supply information of a prescribed description to the Department, or to notify the Department if a prescribed event occurs or prescribed circumstances arise;

(f) for the variation of an order under Article 32E or 32F;

(g) for an order under Article 32E or 32F to lapse in such circumstances as may be prescribed;

(h) as to the revival of an order under Article 32E or 32F in such circumstances as may be prescribed

(i) allowing or requiring an order under Article 32E or 32F to be discharged.

(3) Where regulations under paragraph (1) make provision for the variation of an order under Article 32E or 32F, the power to vary the order shall not be exercised so as to increase the amount of arrears of child support maintenance specified in the order.

(4) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to priority as between an order under Article 32F and–

(a) any other order under that Article;

(b) any order under any other statutory provision which provides for payments to be made from amounts to which the order under Article 32F relates.

(5) The Department shall by regulations make provision for any person affected by an order under Article 32F to have a right to appeal to a court against the making of the order.

(6) On an appeal under regulations under paragraph (5), the court shall not question the maintenance calculation by reference to which the order under Article 32F was made.

(7) Regulations under paragraph (5) may include–

(a) provision with respect to the period within which a right of appeal under the regulations may be exercised;

(b) provision with respect to the powers of the court to which the appeal under the regulations lies.

Lump sum deduction orders: offences

32K.–(1) A person who fails to comply with the requirements of–

(a) an order under Article 32E or 32F; or

(b) any regulation under Article 32J which is designated by the regulations for the purposes of this sub-paragraph,

commits an offence.

(2) It shall be a defence for a person charged with an offence under paragraph (1) to prove that the person took all reasonable steps to comply with the requirements in question.

(3) A person guilty of an offence under paragraph (1) shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 2 on the standard scale.".

Orders preventing avoidance

16. After Article 32K of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 15) insert–

"Orders preventing avoidanc

32L.–(1) The Department may apply to the court, on the grounds that a person–

(a) has failed to pay an amount of child support maintenance, and

(b) with the intention of avoiding payment of child support maintenance, is about to make a disposition or to transfer out of the jurisdiction or otherwise deal with any property,

for an order restraining the person from doing so.

(2) The Department may apply to the court, on the grounds that a person–

(a) has failed to pay an amount of child support maintenance, and

(b) with the intention of avoiding payment of child support maintenance, has at any time made a reviewable disposition,

for an order setting aside the disposition.

(3) If the court is satisfied of the grounds mentioned in paragraph (1) or (2) it may make an order under that paragraph.

(4) Where the court makes an order under paragraph (1) or (2) it may make such consequential provision by order or directions as it thinks fit for giving effect to the order (including provision requiring the making of any payments or the disposal of any property).

(5) Any disposition is a reviewable disposition for the purposes of paragraph (2), unless it was made for valuable consideration (other than marriage) to a person who, at the time of the disposition, acted in relation to it in good faith and without notice of an intention to avoid payment of child support maintenance.

(6) Paragraph (7) applies where an application is made under this Article with respect to–

(a) a disposition or other dealing with property which is about to take place, or

(b) a disposition which took place after the making of the application on which the maintenance calculation concerned was made.

(7) If the court is satisfied–

(a) in a case falling within paragraph (1), that the disposition or other dealing would (apart from this Article) have the consequence of making ineffective a step that has been or may be taken to recover the amount outstanding, or

(b) in a case falling within paragraph (2), that the disposition has had that consequence,

it is to be presumed, unless the contrary is shown, that the person who disposed of or is about to dispose of or deal with the property did so or, as the case may be, is about to do so, with the intention of avoiding payment of child support maintenance.

(8) In this Article "disposition" does not include any provision contained in a will or codicil but, with that exception, includes any conveyance, assurance or gift of property of any description, whether made by an instrument or otherwise.

(9) This Article does not apply to a disposition made before the coming into operation of section 16 of the Child Maintenance Act (Northern Ireland) 2008

(10) In this Article "the court" means the High Court.".

Administrative liability orders

17. After Article 32L of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 16) insert–

"Liability orders

32M.–(1) If it appears to the Department that a person has failed to pay an amount of child support maintenance, it may make an order against the person in respect of that amount.

(2) An order under paragraph (1) (a "liability order") may be made in respect of an amount due under a maintenance calculation which is the subject of an appeal only if it appears to the Department–

(a) that liability for the amount would not be affected were the appeal to succeed, or

(b) where sub-paragraph (a) does not apply, that the making of a liability order in respect of the amount would nonetheless be fair in all the circumstances.

(3) A liability order shall not come into force before–

(a) the end of the period during which an appeal can be brought under Article 22 against the making of the order, and

(b) if an appeal is brought under Article 22, the time at which proceedings on the appeal (including any proceedings on a further appeal) have been concluded and any period during which a further appeal may ordinarily be brought has ended.

(4) Where regulations have been made under Article 29(3)(a), a person liable to pay an amount of child support maintenance is to be taken for the purposes of this Article to have failed to pay the amount, unless it is paid to or through the person specified in, or by virtue of, the regulations for the case in question.

Regulations about liability orders

32N.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to liability orders.

(2) Regulations under paragraph (1) may, in particular–

(a) make provision about the form and content of a liability order;

(b) make provision for a liability order not to come into force if, before it does so, the whole of the amount in respect of which it is made is paid;

(d) make provision for the revival of a liability order in prescribed circumstances."

Disqualification for holding or obtaining travel authorisation

18. Before Article 37 of the Child Support Order insert–

"Disqualification for holding or obtaining travel authorisation

36B.–(1) The Department may apply to the court for an order under this Article against a person where–

(a) it has sought to recover an amount from the person by virtue of Article 35;

(b) the whole or any part of the amount remains unpaid; and

(2) A person against whom an order under this Article is made is disqualified for holding or obtaining a travel authorisation while the order has effect.

(3) On an application under paragraph (1) for an order against a person the court shall (in the presence of that person) inquire as to–

(a) whether the person needs a travel authorisation to earn a living;

(b) the person´s means;

(4) If, but only if, the court is of the opinion that there has been wilful refusal or culpable neglect on the part of the person, it may make an order under this Article.

(5) The court may not take action under both this Article and Article 37.

(6) On an application under paragraph (1) the court shall not question–

(a) the liability order by reference to which the Department acted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) of that paragraph; or

(b) the maintenance calculation by reference to which that liability order was made.

(7) An order under this Article shall specify the amount in respect of which it is made, which shall be the aggregate of–

(a) the amount sought to be recovered as mentioned in paragraph (1)(a), or so much of it as remains unpaid; and

(b) an amount (determined in accordance with regulations made by the Department) in respect of the costs of the application under this Article.

(8) A court which makes an order under this Article shall require the person to whom it relates to produce any travel authorisation that the person holds.

(9) The court shall send to the prescribed person any travel authorisation produced to the court under paragraph (8)

(10) Where a court–

(a) makes an order under this Article, or

(b) allows an appeal against such an order,

it shall send notice of that fact to the Department; and the notice shall contain such particulars and be sent in such manner and to such address as the Department may determine.

(11) In this Article "travel authorisation" means–

(a) a United Kingdom passport (within the meaning of the Immigration Act 1971);

(b) an ID card issued under the Identity Cards Act 2006 that records that the person to whom it has been issued is a British citizen.

(12) In this Article (except for the purposes of paragraph (10)(b)) and in Articles 36C to 36E, "court" means a court of summary jurisdiction.

Period for which orders under Article 36B are to have effect

36C.–(1) Disqualification by an order under Article 36B shall be for such period not exceeding 2 years as the court may specify in the order.

(2) On making an order under Article 36B, the court may include in the order provision suspending the running of the period for which the order is to have effect until such day and on such conditions (if any) as the court thinks just.

(3) After making such an order the court may by order suspend the running of the period for which it has effect until such day and on such conditions (if any) as the court thinks just.

(4) The powers conferred by paragraphs (2) and (3) may be exercised by the court only–

(a) if the person against whom the order under Article 36B is made agrees to pay the amount specified in the order; or

(b) if the court is satisfied that the suspension in question is justified by exceptional circumstances.

(5) The Department may make a further application under Article 36B if the amount specified in an order under that Article has not been paid in full by the end of the period for which the order has effect.

Power to order search

36D.–(1) On making an order under Article 36B the court may order the person against whom the order is made to be searched.

(2) Any money found on such a search shall, unless the court otherwise directs, be applied towards payment of the amount specified under Article 36B(7); and the balance (if any) shall be returned to the person searched.

(3) The court shall not allow the application under paragraph (2) of money found on a search under paragraph (1) if it is satisfied that the money does not belong to the person searched

Variation and revocation of orders following payment

36E.–(1) If part of the amount specified in an order under Article 36B is paid to any person authorised to receive it, the court may, on an application made by the Department or the person against whom the order is made, by order–

(a) reduce the period for which the order under Article 36B is to have effect; or

(b) revoke the order under Article 36B.

(2) If the whole of the amount specified in an order under Article 36B is paid to any person authorised to receive it, the court shall, on an application made by the Department or the person against whom the order is made, by order revoke the order under Article 36B.

(3) The Department may make representations to the court as to the amount which should be paid before it would be appropriate to make an order under paragraph (1) revoking an order under Article 36B, and the person against whom the order was made may reply to those representations.

(4) The court may exercise the powers conferred on it by paragraph (1) or (2) without the need for an application where money found on a search under Article 36D(1) is applied towards payment of the amount specified in the order under Article 36B.

(5) Where a court makes an order under this Article, it shall send notice of that fact to the Department; and the notice shall contain such particulars and be sent in such manner and to such address as the Department may determine.

Power to make supplementary provision

36F. The Department may by regulations–

(a) make provision in relation to orders under Article 36B corresponding to the provision that may be made under Article 37(11);

(b) make provision for Articles 36C to 36E to have effect with prescribed modifications in cases where a person against whom an order under Article 36B has effect is outside the United Kingdom.".

Curfew orders

19. After Article 36F of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 18) insert–

"Applications for curfew order

36G.–(1) The Department may apply to the court for an order requiring a person to remain, for periods specified in the order, at a place so specified (a "curfew order") where–

(a) it has sought to recover an amount from the person by virtue of Article 35;

(b) the whole or any part of the amount remains unpaid; and

(2) On an application for a curfew order the court shall (in the presence of the person from whom the Department has sought to recover the amount) inquire as to–

(a) the person´s means; and

(b) whether there has been wilful refusal or culpable neglect on the part of the person.

(3) On an application for a curfew order the court shall not question–

(a) the liability order by reference to which the Department acted as mentioned in paragraph (1)(a); or

(b) the maintenance calculation by reference to which that liability order was made.

(4) If, but only if, the court is of the opinion that there has been wilful refusal or culpable neglect on the part of the person from whom the Department has sought to recover the amount, it may make a curfew order against the person.

(5) The court may not make a curfew order against a person who is under the age of 18.

(6) In this Article and Articles 36H to 36O "the court" means a court of summary jurisdiction.

Curfew orders: duration etc.

36H.–(1) The periods and places specified as mentioned in Article 36G(1) may include different periods and different places for different days, but shall not include periods which amount to less than 2 hours or more than 12 hours in any one day.

(2) A curfew order shall specify the period for which the requirements imposed by the order shall have effect.

(3) The period so specified–

(a) shall not exceed 6 months; and

(b) shall begin to run with the day on which the order is made unless the order provides (subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the order) for it to begin to run with a later day.

(4) The court shall (so far as practicable) ensure that any requirement imposed by a curfew order is such as to avoid–

(a) any conflict with the religious beliefs of the person against whom the order is made; an

(b) any interference with the times (if any) at which that person normally works or attends any educational establishment.

(5) On making a curfew order the court may not specify in the order any place outside Northern Ireland.

Recovery of costs relating to curfew orders

36I.–(1) On making a curfew order the court shall also make an order requiring the person against whom the curfew order is made to pay an amount (determined in accordance with regulations made by the Department) specified in the order in respect of–

(a) the costs of the application for the curfew order; and

(b) the costs of monitoring compliance with the requirements imposed by the curfew order.

(2) The provisions of this Order with respect to–

(a) the collection of child support maintenance; and

(b) the enforcement of an obligation to pay child support maintenance,

apply equally (with any necessary modifications) to amounts which a person is required to pay by an order under this Article.

Curfew orders: the amount due

36J.–(1) A curfew order shall specify the amount in respect of which it is made, which shall be the aggregate of–

(a) the amount sought to be recovered as mentioned in Article 36G(1)(a), or so much of it as remains unpaid; and

(b) the amount which the person against whom the curfew order is made is required to pay by the order under Article 36I.

(2) If part of the amount in respect of which a curfew order was made is paid to any person authorised to receive it, the court may, on an application by the Department or the person against whom the curfew order was made, by order–

(a) reduce the period for which the requirements imposed by the curfew order have effect;

(b) provide for that period to begin to run with a day later than that with which it would otherwise have begun to run;

(c) suspend the running of that period, or provide for any existing such suspension to be extended, until a day specified in the order; or

(d) revoke the curfew order.

(3) An order under paragraph (2)(b) or (c) may include provision for its effect to be subject to specified conditions.

(4) On the hearing of an application made under paragraph (2) the Department may make representations to the court as to which of the powers conferred by that paragraph it would be appropriate for the court to exercise, and the person against whom the curfew order was made may reply to those representations

(5) If the whole of the amount in respect of which a curfew order was made is paid to any person authorised to receive it, the court shall, on an application by the Department or the person against whom the order was made, by order revoke the curfew order.

(6) The Department may make a further application under Article 36G if the amount in respect of which a curfew order was made has not been paid in full when the requirements imposed by the order cease to have effect.

Power to order search

36K.–(1) On making a curfew order, the court may order the person against whom the order is made to be searched.

(2) Any money found on such a search shall, unless the court otherwise directs, be applied towards payment of the amount in respect of which the curfew order is made; and the balance (if any) shall be returned to the person searched.

(3) The court shall not allow the application under paragraph (2) of money found on a search under this Article if it is satisfied that the money does not belong to the person searched.

(4) The court may exercise the powers conferred on it by Article 36J(2) and (5) without the need for an application where money found on a search under this Article is applied towards payment of the amount in respect of which a curfew order is made.

Monitoring of curfew orders

36L.–(1) A curfew order shall–

(a) provide for a person´s compliance with the requirements imposed by the order to be monitored; and

(b) make a person specified in the order responsible for that monitoring.

(2) The court may not make a curfew order unless–

(a) it has been notified by the Department that arrangements for monitoring compliance with the requirements imposed by such orders are available in the area in which the place proposed to be specified in the order is situated and the notice has not been withdrawn;

(b) it is satisfied that the necessary provision can be made under those arrangements; and

(c) it has the consent of any person (other than the person against whom the order is to be made) whose co-operation is necessary to secure the monitoring of compliance with the requirements imposed by the order.

(3) If a curfew order cannot be made because of the absence of any consent required by paragraph (2)(c), the court may treat the application for the order as an application under Article 37

(4) The Department may by regulations make provision as to–

(a) the cases or circumstances in which the person responsible for monitoring a person´s compliance with the requirements imposed by a curfew order may allow that person to be absent from the place specified in the curfew order during a period so specified; and

(b) the requirements which may be imposed in connection with such an absence.

Breaches of curfew orders

36M.–(1) The person responsible for monitoring a person´s compliance with the requirements imposed by a curfew order, or the Department, may apply to the court where it appears that the person subject to the requirements in question has failed to comply with–

(a) any of those requirements; or

(b) any requirements imposed by virtue of Article 36L(4).

(2) On any such application the court shall (in the presence of the person subject to the requirements in question) inquire as to whether the person has failed without reasonable excuse to comply with any of those requirements.

(3) If the court is of the opinion that the person has failed without reasonable excuse to comply with any of those requirements, it may–

(a) issue a warrant of commitment against that person; or

(b) by order provide for the requirements imposed by the curfew order to have effect for a specified further period.

(4) A warrant issued under paragraph (3)(a) shall order the person against whom it is issued–

(a) to be imprisoned for a period specified in the warrant; but

(b) to be released (unless in custody for some other reason) on payment of the amount in respect of which the curfew order in question was made.

(5) A warrant issued under paragraph (3)(a) may be directed to such person or persons as the court issuing it thinks fit.

(6) The power conferred by paragraph (3)(b) may not be exercised so as to provide for the requirements imposed by the curfew order to have effect for a period exceeding 6 months after the making of the order under that paragraph.

(7) Where, following the issue of a warrant under paragraph (3)(a), part of the amount specified in the curfew order is paid to any person authorised to receive it, the court may, on an application by the Department or the person against whom the warrant was issued–

(a) reduce the period specified in the warrant; o

(b) order the release of the person against whom the warrant was issued.

(8) On the hearing of an application made under paragraph (7) the Department may make representations to the court as to which of the powers conferred by that paragraph it would be appropriate for the court to exercise, and the person against whom the warrant was issued may reply to those representations.

Effect of custody on curfew orders and power to make curfew orders

36N.–(1) The court may not make a curfew order against a person at any time when the person is in custody for any reason.

(2) The running of the period during which the requirements imposed by a curfew order have effect shall be suspended for the whole of any day during any part of which the person against whom the order is made is in custody for any reason.

(3) If the period during which the requirements imposed by a curfew order have effect would have begun to run but for its being suspended by virtue of this Article, that period shall instead begin to run with the first day when its running is no longer suspended.

Power to make supplementary provision about curfew orders

36O.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to curfew orders.

(2) The regulations may, in particular, make provision–

(a) as to the form and content of a curfew order;

(b) allowing an application for a curfew order to be renewed where no curfew order is made;

(c) that a statement in writing to the effect that wages of any amount have been paid during any period to a person, purporting to be signed by or on behalf of that person´s employer, shall be evidence of the facts stated;

(d) that a lay magistrate may issue a summons to a person to appear before the court and (if that person does not appear) may issue a warrant for that person´s arrest;

(e) that, for the purpose of securing a person´s presence before the court, a lay magistrate may issue a warrant for that person´s arrest without issuing a summons;

(f) as to the execution of a warrant for arrest;

(g) for the amendment or revocation of requirements imposed by a curfew order, on an application made to the court by the Department or the person against whom the order was made;

(h) similar to that made by Articles 36I, 36K and 36L(2) and (3), in relation to any amendment of a curfew order

(i) as to the exercise by the court of the powers conferred by Articles 36J(2) and (3) and 36M(7).".

Commitment to prison

20.–(1) In Article 37 of the Child Support Order (commitment to prison), before paragraph (3) insert–

"(2A) The Department may apply to the court for the issue of a warrant committing a person to prison where–

(a) it has sought to recover an amount from the person by virtue of Article 35;

(b) the whole or any part of the amount remains unpaid; and

(c) the Department is of the opinion that there has been wilful refusal or culpable neglect on the part of the person from whom it has sought to recover the amount ("the liable person").

(2B) On an application under paragraph (2A) the court shall (in the presence of the liable person) inquire as to–

(a) the liable person´s means; and

(b) whether there has been wilful refusal or culpable neglect on the part of the liable person.

(2C) On an application under paragraph (2A) the court shall not question–

(a) the liability order by reference to which the Department acted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) of that paragraph; or

(b) the maintenance calculation by reference to which that liability order was made.".

(2) For paragraph (10) of that Article, substitute–

"(10) On acting as mentioned in paragraph (3), the court may order the liable person to be searched.

(10A) Any money found on such a search shall, unless the court otherwise directs, be applied towards payment of the relevant amount; and the balance (if any) shall be returned to the person searched.

(10B) The reference in paragraph (10A) to the relevant amount is–

(a) where the order under paragraph (10) is made by virtue of the court acting under paragraph (3)(a), to the amount mentioned in paragraph (4)(a);

(b) where the order under paragraph (10) is made by virtue of the court acting under paragraph (3)(b), to the amount mentioned in paragraph (4)(a)(i).

(10C) The court shall not allow the application under paragraph (10A) of money found on a search under paragraph (10) if it is satisfied that the money does not belong to the person searched.".

Disqualification for driving

21.–(1) In Article 37A of the Child Support Order (disqualification from driving), for the heading and paragraph (1) substitute–

"Disqualification for holding or obtaining driving licence

37A.–(A1) The Department may apply to the court for an order disqualifying a person for holding or obtaining a driving licence where–

(a) it has sought to recover an amount from the person by virtue of Article 35;

(b) the whole or any part of the amount remains unpaid; and

(c) the Department is of the opinion that there has been wilful refusal or culpable neglect on the part of the person from whom it has sought to recover the amount ("the liable person").

(A2) Disqualification by an order under paragraph (A1) (a "disqualification order") shall be for such period not exceeding 2 years as the court may specify in the order.

(A3) On an application under paragraph (A1) the court shall (in the presence of the liable person) inquire as to–

(a) whether the liable person needs a driving licence to earn a living;

(b) the liable person´s means; and

(A4) On an application under paragraph (A1) the court shall not question–

(a) the liability order by reference to which the Department acted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (a) of that paragraph; or

(b) the maintenance calculation by reference to which that liability order was made.

(1) If, but only if, the court is of the opinion that there has been wilful refusal or culpable neglect on the part of the liable person, it may–

(a) make a disqualification order against the liable person; or

(b) make such an order but suspend its operation until such time and on such conditions (if any) as it thinks just.".

(2) For paragraph (10) of that Article, substitute–

"(10) On making a disqualification order, the court may order the liable person to be searched.

(10A) Any money found on such a search shall, unless the court otherwise directs, be applied towards payment of the amount due; and the balance (if any) shall be returned to the person searched.

(10B) The court shall not allow the application under paragraph (10A) of money found on a search under paragraph (10) if it is satisfied that the money does not belong to the person searched.

(10C) The court may exercise the powers conferred on it by paragraph (5) without the need for an application where money found on a search under paragraph (10) is applied towards payment of the amount due."

Debt management powers

Power to treat liability as satisfied

22. After Article 38B of the Child Support Order insert–

"Power to treat liability as satisfied

38C.–(1) The Department may by regulations–

(a) make provision enabling the Department in prescribed circumstances to set off liabilities to pay child support maintenance to which this Article applies;

(b) make provision enabling the Department in prescribed circumstances to set off against a person´s liability to pay child support maintenance to which this Article applies a payment made by the person which is of a prescribed description.

(2) Liability to pay child support maintenance shall be treated as satisfied to the extent that it is the subject of setting off under regulations under paragraph (1).

(3) In paragraph (1), the references to child support maintenance to which this Article applies are to child support maintenance for the collection of which the Department is authorised to make arrangements.".

Power to accept part payment of arrears in full and final satisfaction

23. After Article 38C of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 22) insert–

"Power to accept part payment of arrears in full and final satisfaction

38D.–(1) The Department may, in relation to any arrears of child support maintenance, accept payment of part in satisfaction of liability for the whole.

(2) The Department must by regulations make provision with respect to the exercise of the power under paragraph (1).

(3) The regulations must provide that unless one of the conditions in paragraph (4) is satisfied the Department may not exercise the power under paragraph (1) without the written consent of the person with care with respect to whom the maintenance calculation was made.

(4) The conditions are–

(a) that the Department would be entitled to retain the whole of the arrears under Article 38(2) if it recovered them;

(b) that the Department would be entitled to retain part of the arrears under Article 38(2) if it recovered them, and the part of the arrears that the Department would not be entitled to retain is equal to or less than the payment accepted under paragraph (1).".

Power to write off arrears

24. After Article 38D of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 23) insert–

"Power to write off arrears

38E.–(1) The Department may extinguish liability in respect of arrears of child support maintenance if it appears to it–

(a) that the circumstances of the case are of a description specified in regulations made by the Department, and

(b) that it would be unfair or otherwise inappropriate to enforce liability in respect of the arrears.

(2) The Department may by regulations make provision with respect to the exercise of the power under paragraph (1).".

Transfer of arrears

25. After Article 45 of the Child Support Order insert–

"Transfer of arrears

45A.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision enabling the Department in prescribed circumstances to enter into arrangements ("transfer arrangements") under which liability in respect of arrears of child support maintenance becomes debt due to the person with whom the arrangements are entered into ("the transferee").

(2) Liability which is the subject of transfer arrangements–

(a) ceases to be liability in relation to which the Department´s functions with respect to collection and enforcement are exercisable, and

(b) becomes debt in which only the transferee has an interest.

(3) Regulations under paragraph (1) must provide that unless one of the conditions in paragraph (4) is satisfied the Department may not enter into transfer arrangements in relation to arrears of child support maintenance without the written consent of the person with care with respect to whom the maintenance calculation was made.

(4) The conditions are–

(a) that the Department would be entitled to retain the whole of the arrears under Article 38(2) if it recovered them;

(5) In paragraph (4)(b), "transfer payment" means–

(a) the payment that the Department would receive from the transferee on the arrangements taking effect, and

(b) such other payments under the transfer arrangements as may be prescribed

(6) Regulations under paragraph (1) may, in particular–

(a) specify when arrears of child support maintenance may be the subject of transfer arrangements;

(b) specify the descriptions of person with whom transfer arrangements may be entered into;

(d) provide that a payment made to the Department under transfer arrangements may be treated for prescribed purposes as if it were a payment of child support maintenance.

(7) Regulations under paragraph (1) may include–

(a) provision with respect to the recovery of debt to which a person is entitled by virtue of transfer arrangements;

(b) provision enabling the Department in prescribed circumstances to prevent a person entitled to debt by virtue of transfer arrangements from taking steps to recover it;

(c) provision enabling the Department to supply information of a prescribed description to a person entitled to debt by virtue of transfer arrangements for the purpose of enabling the debt to be recovered.".

Miscellaneous

Meaning of "child"

26. For Article 3 of the Child Support Order substitute–

"Meaning of "child"

3.–(1) In this Order, "child" means (subject to paragraph (2)) a person who–

(a) has not attained the age of 16, or

(b) has not attained the age of 20 and satisfies such conditions as may be prescribed.

(2) A person who is or has been party to a marriage or civil partnership is not a child for the purposes of this Order.

(3) For the purposes of paragraph (2), "marriage" and "civil partnership" include a void marriage and a void civil partnership respectively.".

Offence of failing to notify change of address

27.–(1) In Article 16A of the Child Support Order (information - offences), after paragraph (3) insert–

"(3A) In the case of regulations under Article 16 which require a person liable to make payments of child support maintenance to notify a change of address, a person who fails to comply with the requirement is guilty of an offence.".

(2) In that Article, in paragraph (4), after "paragraph (3)" insert "or (3A)"

Additional special case

28. In Article 39(2) of the Child Support Order (examples of cases in relation to which the power under paragraph (1) to prescribe circumstances in which a case is to be treated as a special case for the purposes of the Order may be exercised), at the end add–

"(g) the same persons are the parents of 2 or more children and each parent is–

(i) a non-resident parent in relation to one or more of the children, and

(ii) a person with care in relation to one or more of the children.".

Recovery of arrears from deceased´s estate

29. After Article 40 of the Child Support Order insert–

"Recovery of arrears from deceased´s estate

40A.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision for the recovery from the estate of a deceased person of arrears of child support maintenance for which the deceased person was liable immediately before death.

(2) Regulations under paragraph (1) may, in particular–

(a) make provision for arrears of child support maintenance for which a deceased person was so liable to be a debt payable by the deceased´s executor or administrator out of the deceased´s estate to the Department;

(b) make provision for establishing the amount of any such arrears;

(3) Regulations under paragraph (1) may include provision for proceedings (whether by appeal or otherwise) to be instituted, continued or withdrawn by the deceased´s executor or administrator.".

Disclosure of information relating to family proceedings

30. After Article 45A of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 25), insert–

"Disclosure of information relating to family proceedings

45B.–(1) Where this Article applies, a disclosure of information relating to family proceedings, made to the Department, or to a person providing services to the Department, by a party to the proceedings is not (if it would otherwise be) a contempt of court or punishable as a contempt of court.

(2) This Article applies if–

(a) the party is a person with care or non-resident parent in relation to a child

(b) child support maintenance is payable, or an application for a maintenance calculation has been made, in respect of the child, and

(c) the party reasonably considers that the information is relevant to the exercise of the Department´s functions relating to child support in relation to the child.

(3) A disclosure by a party´s representative is to be treated for the purposes of this Article as a disclosure by the party, if the representative is instructed by the party to make the disclosure.

(4) In this Article, "representative" means–

(a) a barrister or solicitor who has been instructed to act for a party in relation to the proceedings; or

(b) such other persons as may be prescribed in regulations made by the Department with the consent of the Lord Chancellor.

(5) This Article does not apply if the court dealing with the proceedings so directs.

Meaning of "family proceedings"

45C.–(1) In Article 45B, "family proceedings" means any of the following proceedings commenced on or after the day on which that Article comes into operation–

(a) proceedings for ancillary relief (within the meaning of paragraph (2));

(b) proceedings under section 17 of the Married Women´s Property Act 1882 (questions between husband and wife as to property);

(i) Article 29 (financial provision in cases of neglect to maintain);

(ii) Article 37 (alteration of maintenance agreements);

(d) proceedings under the Domestic Proceedings (Northern Ireland) Order 1980 (powers of court to make orders for financial provision);

(e) proceedings under Part 4 of the Matrimonial and Family Proceedings (Northern Ireland) Order 1989 (financial relief in Northern Ireland after overseas divorce etc.);

(f) proceedings under Articles 11 to 19 of the Family Homes and Domestic Violence (Northern Ireland) Order 1998 (occupation orders);

(g) proceedings under any of the following provisions of the 2004 Act–

(i) section 191 (disputes between civil partners about property);

(ii) paragraph 36 of Schedule 15 (orders where failure to maintain);

(iii) paragraph 62 of Schedule 15 (alteration of maintenance agreements by the court)

(iv) Schedule 16 (financial relief in courts of summary jurisdiction etc.);

(v) Schedule 17 (financial relief in Northern Ireland after overseas dissolution etc. of a civil partnership).

(2) In paragraph (1)(a), "ancillary relief" means any of the following–

(a) an order under Article 39(2)(b) or (c) of the 1978 Order or paragraph 67(3) or (4) of Schedule 15 to the 2004 Act (avoidance of disposition orders);

(b) any of the orders mentioned in Article 23(1) of the 1978 Order (except an order under Article 29(6) of that Order) or any of the orders mentioned in paragraph 2(1) of Schedule 15 to the 2004 Act (financial provision orders) made under Part 1 of that Schedule;

(d) an order under paragraph 33 of Schedule 15 to the 2004 Act (orders for maintenance pending outcome of proceedings);

(e) any of the orders mentioned in Article 23(2) of the 1978 Order or any of the orders mentioned in paragraph 7(1) of Schedule 15 to the 2004 Act (property adjustment orders);

(f) an order under Article 33 of the 1978 Order or an order under Part 10 of Schedule 15 to the 2004 Act (variation orders);

(g) an order under Article 26B of the 1978 Order or an order under paragraph 10 of Schedule 15 to the 2004 Act (pension sharing orders).

(3) The Department may by order amend this Article so as to provide that "family proceedings" in Article 45B includes proceedings of a description specified in the order, other than proceedings commenced before the day on which the order comes into operation.

(4) An order under paragraph (3) may be made only with the consent of the Lord Chancellor.

(5) In this Article–

"the 1978 Order" means the Matrimonial Causes (Northern Ireland) Order 1978;

"the 2004 Act" means the Civil Partnership Act 2004.".

Disclosure of information to credit reference agencies

31. After Article 45C of the Child Support Order (inserted by section 30) insert–

"Disclosure of information to credit reference agencie

45D.–(1) Subject to paragraph (3), the Department may supply qualifying information to a credit reference agency for use for the purpose of furnishing information relevant to the financial standing of individuals.

(2) The reference in paragraph (1) to qualifying information is to information which–

(a) is held by the Department for the purposes of this Order,

(b) relates to a person who is liable to pay child support maintenance, and

(3) Information may not be supplied under paragraph (1) without the consent of the person to whom it relates, unless a liability order against that person is in force.

(4) No provision may be made under Article 16(3) authorising the supply of information by the Department to credit reference agencies.

(5) In this Article, "credit reference agency" has the same meaning as in the Consumer Credit Act 1974.".

Pilot schemes

32. After Article 47 of the Child Support Order insert–

"Pilot schemes

47A.–(1) Any regulations made under this Order may be made so as to have effect for a specified period not exceeding 24 months.

(2) Regulations which, by virtue of paragraph (1), are to have effect for a limited period are referred to in this Article as a "pilot scheme".

(3) A pilot scheme may provide that its provisions are to apply only in relation to–

(a) one or more specified areas or localities;

(b) one or more specified classes of person;

(4) A pilot scheme may make consequential or transitional provision with respect to the cessation of the scheme on the expiry of the specified period.

(5) A pilot scheme may be replaced by a further pilot scheme making the same or similar provision.".

Extinction of liability in respect of interest and fees

33. Any outstanding liability in respect of the following is extinguished–

(a) interest under the Child Support (Arrears, Interest and Adjustment of Maintenance Assessments) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1992 (SR 1992/342);

(b) fees under the Child Support Fees Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1993 (SR 1993/73)

Use of information

34. Schedule 3 (which makes provision about the use of information for purposes of public administration) has effect.

Liable relative provisions: exclusion of parental duty to maintain

35.–(1) In section 100 of the Social Security Administration (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 (c. 8) (failure to maintain), for subsection (3) substitute–

"(3) Subject to subsection (4), for the purposes of this Part, a person shall be liable to maintain another person if that other person is–

(a) his or her spouse or civil partner, or

(b) a person whom he or she would be liable to maintain if section 74(6)(c) and (8) had effect for the purposes of this Part.".

(2) In that section, in subsection (4), for the words from "a person" to the end, substitute "subsection (3)(b) shall not apply".

PART 3 GENERAL

Regulations: general

36.–(1) Power to make regulations under this Act includes power to make incidental, supplementary, consequential or transitional provision or savings.

(2) Power to make regulations under this Act may be exercised so as to provide for a person to exercise a discretion in dealing with any matter.

(3) Subject to the following provisions of this section, any regulations made under this Act shall be subject to negative resolution.

(4) Regulations under section 3(1) or (4) or the first regulations under paragraphs 2(1), 3(1), 5(1) or (2), 6(1) or (3) or 7 of Schedule 2–

(a) must be laid before the Assembly after being made; and

(b) take effect on such date as may be specified in the regulations, but (without prejudice to the validity of anything done thereunder or to the making of new regulations) cease to have effect upon the expiration of a period of 6 months from that date unless at some time before the expiration of that period the regulations are approved by a resolution of the Assembly.

(5) This subsection applies to any regulations under this Act which–

(a) but for subsection (6), would be subject to negative resolution, and

(b) are contained in a statutory rule which includes any regulations subject to the confirmatory procedure.

(6) Any regulations to which subsection (5) applies shall not be subject to negative resolution, but shall be subject to the confirmatory procedure.

(7) In this section "the confirmatory procedure" means the procedure described in subsection (4).

General interpretation

37.–(1) In this Act–

"the Child Support Order" means the Child Support (Northern Ireland) Order 1991 (NI 23);

"the Department" means the Department for Social Development;

"statutory provision" has the meaning assigned to it by section 1(f) of the Interpretation Act (Northern Ireland) 1954 (c. 33).

(2) Where–

(a) this Act amends or repeals a statutory provision contained in the Child Support Order which has been amended by the Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act (Northern Ireland) 2000 (c. 4), and

(b) the amendment by the 2000 Act has been brought into operation for limited purposes only,

the reference to the statutory provision shall, unless the contrary intention appears, be read as a reference to the statutory provision as it has effect apart from the 2000 Act, as well as to the statutory provision as amended by that Act.

Minor and consequential amendments

38.–(1) Schedule 4 (which makes minor and consequential amendments) has effect.

(2) The Department may by regulations make provision consequential on this Act amending, repealing or revoking any statutory provision.

Repeals

39. The statutory provisions specified in Schedule 5 are repealed to the extent specified.

Transition

40.–(1) The Department may, in relation to Article 9 or 43 of the Child Support Order, by regulations make provision for the Article to have effect with such modifications as the Department considers expedient in anticipation of the coming into operation of section 7.

(2) Articles 22(5A), 32A, 32E, 32F, 32J, 32L, 32M, 38C to 38E, 40A, 45A, 45B and 45D of the Child Support Order shall have effect as if "child support maintenance" included periodical payments required to be paid in accordance with a maintenance assessment under the Order.

(3) Articles 22(7A), 32A, 32C, 32E, 32F, 32J, 32L, 32M, 36B, 36G, 37, 37A and 45B of the Child Support Order shall have effect as if "maintenance calculation" included a maintenance assessment under the Order.

(4) Articles 35, 36B, 36G, 36J, 37, 37A and 45D of the Child Support Order shall have effect as if orders made under Article 33 of that Order had been made under Article 32M of that Order.

(5) An order may be made under Article 32M of the Child Support Order in respect of an amount even though the time within which an application could have been instituted under Article 33 of that Order for an order in respect of that amount has expired

(6) The Department may by regulations make in connection with the coming into operation of any provision of this Act such transitional provision or savings as the Department considers necessary or expedient.

Commencement

41.–(1) This Act (except sections 36, 37(1), 40(6), this section and section 42) shall come into operation on such day or days as the Department may by order appoint.

(2) An order under subsection (1) may include such transitional provision or savings as the Department considers necessary or expedient in connection with bringing any provision of this Act into operation.

(3) An order under subsection (1) appointing the day on which section 30 is to come into operation may be made only with the consent of the Lord Chancellor.

Short title

42. This Act may be cited as the Child Maintenance Act (Northern Ireland) 2008.

SCHEDULES

Section 8.

SCHEDULE 1 CHANGES TO THE CALCULATION OF MAINTENANCE

Introductory

1. Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Child Support Order (calculation of weekly amount of child support maintenance) is amended as follows.

Calculation by reference to gross weekly income

2. In Part 1 (under which the weekly amount of child support maintenance payable is calculated by reference to the non-resident parent´s net weekly income), for "net", in each place where it occurs, substitute "gross".

Change to basic rate

3. For paragraph 2 (basic rate) substitute–

"2.–(1) Subject to sub-paragraph (2), the basic rate is the following percentage of the non-resident parent´s gross weekly income–

12% where the non-resident parent has one qualifying child;
16% where the non-resident parent has 2 qualifying children;
19% where the non-resident parent has 3 or more qualifying children.

(2) If the gross weekly income of the non-resident parent exceeds Â£800, the basic rate is the aggregate of the amount found by applying sub-paragraph (1) in relation to the first Â£800 of that income and the following percentage of the remainder–

9% where the non-resident parent has one qualifying child;
12% where the non-resident parent has 2 qualifying children;
15% where the non-resident parent has 3 or more qualifying children.

(3) If the non-resident parent also has one or more relevant other children, gross weekly income shall be treated for the purposes of sub-paragraphs (1) and (2) as reduced by the following percentage–

12% where the non-resident parent has one relevant other child;
16% where the non-resident parent has 2 relevant other children;
19% where the non-resident parent has 3 or more relevant other children.".

Increase in flat rate and minimum amounts of liability

4. In the following provisions, for "Â£5" substitute "Â£7"–

(a) paragraph 3(3) (minimum amount of liability in the case of reduced rate);

(b) paragraph 4(1) (amount of flat rate of liability);

(c) paragraph 7(7) (minimum amount of liability in the case of basic and reduced rates where reduction because of shared care applies)

Applicable rate where non-resident parent party to other maintenance arrangement

5.–(1) In paragraph 1(1) (under which the weekly rate of child support maintenance is the basic rate unless a reduced rate, a flat rate or a nil rate applies), at the beginning insert "Subject to paragraph 5A,".

(2) After paragraph 5 insert–

"Non-resident parent party to other maintenance arrangement

5A.–(1) This paragraph applies where–

(a) the non-resident parent is a party to a qualifying maintenance arrangement with respect to a child of the non-resident parent who is not a qualifying child, and

(b) the weekly rate of child support maintenance apart from this paragraph would be the basic rate or a reduced rate or calculated following agreement to a variation where the rate would otherwise be a flat rate or the nil rate.

(2) The weekly rate of child support maintenance is the greater of Â£7 and the amount found as follows.

(3) First, calculate the amount which would be payable if the non-resident parent´s qualifying children also included every child with respect to whom the non-resident parent is a party to a qualifying maintenance arrangement.

(4) Second, divide the amount so calculated by the number of children taken into account for the purposes of the calculation.

(5) Third, multiply the amount so found by the number of children who, for purposes other than the calculation under sub-paragraph (3), are qualifying children of the non-resident parent.

(6) For the purposes of this paragraph, the non-resident parent is a party to a qualifying maintenance arrangement with respect to a child if the non-resident parent is–

(a) liable to pay maintenance for the child under a maintenance order, or

(b) a party to an agreement of a prescribed description which provides for the non-resident parent to make payments for the benefit of the child,

and the child is habitually resident in the United Kingdom.".

Shared care

6. In paragraph 7(2) (circumstances in which decrease for shared care applies in cases where child support maintenance is payable at the basic rate or a reduced rate), for "If the care of a qualifying child is shared" substitute "If the care of a qualifying child is, or is to be, shared".

7. In paragraph 8(2) (circumstances in which decrease for shared care applies in cases where child support maintenance payable at a flat rate), for "If the care of a qualifying child is shared" substitute "If the care of a qualifying child is, or is to be, shared"

8.–(1) In paragraph 9 (regulations about shared care), the existing provision becomes sub-paragraph (1).

(2) In that sub-paragraph, before paragraph (a) insert–

"(za) for how it is to be determined whether the care of a qualifying child is to be shared as mentioned in paragraph 7(2);".

(3) In that sub-paragraph, after paragraph (b) insert–

"(ba) for how it is to be determined how many nights count for those purposes;".

(4) After that sub-paragraph add–

"(2) Regulations under sub-paragraph (1)(ba) may include provision enabling the Department to proceed for a prescribed period on the basis of a prescribed assumption.".

Weekly income

9. In paragraph 10 (which confers power to make regulations about the manner in which weekly income is to be determined), for sub-paragraph (2) substitute–

"(2) The regulations may, in particular–

(a) provide for determination in prescribed circumstances by reference to income of a prescribed description in a prescribed past period;

(b) provide for the Department to estimate any income or make an assumption as to any fact where, in its view, the information at its disposal is unreliable or insufficient, or relates to an atypical period in the life of the non-resident parent.".

10. In paragraph 10(3) (under which weekly income over Â£2,000 is to be ignored for the purposes of Schedule 1), for "Â£2,000" substitute "Â£3,000".

Section 11.

SCHEDULE 2 MAINTENANCE CALCULATIONS: TRANSFER OF CASES TO NEW RULES

Power to require a decision about whether to stay in the statutory scheme

1.–(1) The Department may require the interested parties in relation to an existing case to choose whether or not to stay in the statutory scheme, so far as future accrual of liability is concerned.

(2) The reference in sub-paragraph (1) to an existing case is to any of the following–

(a) a maintenance assessment,

(b) an application for a maintenance assessment,

(d) an application for a maintenance calculation which will fall to be made under existing rules.

(3) For the purposes of this paragraph, a maintenance calculation is made (or will fall to be made) under existing rules if the amount of the periodical payments required to be paid in accordance with it is (or will be) determined otherwise than in accordance with Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Child Support Order as amended by this Act.

2.–(1) The Department may by regulations make provision about the exercise of the power under paragraph 1(1).

(2) Regulations under sub-paragraph (1) may, in particular–

(a) make provision about timing in relation to exercise of the power;

(b) make provision for exercise of the power in stages;

(d) make provision about procedure in relation to exercise of the power.

3.–(1) The Department shall by regulations make such provision as it thinks fit about exercise of the right to make a choice required under paragraph 1(1).

(2) Regulations under sub-paragraph (1) shall, in particular–

(a) make provision about the time within which the choice must be made;

(b) make provision for a choice to stay in the statutory scheme to be made by means of an application to the Department for a maintenance calculation;

4. If, in a particular case, any of the interested parties chooses not to stay in the statutory scheme, that person´s choice shall be disregarded if any of the other interested parties chooses to stay in the statutory scheme.

Effect on accrual of liability of exercise of power under paragraph 1.

5.–(1) Where the power under paragraph 1(1) is exercised in relation to a maintenance assessment or maintenance calculation, liability under the assessment or calculation shall cease to accrue with effect from such date as may be determined in accordance with regulations made by the Department.

(2) Where the power under paragraph 1(1) is exercised in relation to an application for a maintenance assessment or maintenance calculation, liability under any assessment or calculation made in response to the application shall accrue only in respect of the period ending with such date as may be determined in accordance with regulations made by the Department.

Additional powers

6.–(1) The Department may by regulations make such provision as appears to it to be necessary or expedient for the purposes of, or in connection with, giving effect to a decision not to leave the statutory scheme.

(2) Regulations under sub-paragraph (1) may, in particular–

(a) make provision about procedure in relation to determination of an application made in pursuance of regulations under paragraph 3

(b) make provision about the application of the Child Support Order in relation to a maintenance calculation made in response to such an application;

(c) prescribe circumstances in which liability under such a maintenance calculation is to be subject to a prescribed adjustment.

(3) The Department may by regulations make provision enabling the Department to treat an application of the kind mentioned in paragraph 1(2)(b) or (d) as withdrawn if none of the interested parties chooses to stay in the statutory scheme.

Interpretation

7. In this Schedule–

"interested parties" has such meaning as may be prescribed;

"maintenance assessment" means an assessment of maintenance made under the Child Support Order;

"maintenance calculation" means a calculation of maintenance made under that Order;

"prescribed" means prescribed by regulations made by the Department;

"statutory scheme" means the scheme for child support maintenance under that Order.

Section 34.

SCHEDULE 3 USE OF INFORMATION

1.–(1) This paragraph applies to information which is held for the purposes of functions relating to income tax, contributions, tax credits, child benefit or guardian´s allowance–

(a) by the Commissioners for Her Majesty´s Revenue and Customs, or

(b) by a person providing services to them, in connection with the provision of those services.

(2) Information to which this paragraph applies may be supplied–

(a) to the Department or the Department for Employment and Learning, or

(b) to a person providing services to either of those Departments,

for use for the purposes of functions relating to child support.

(3) In this paragraph, "contributions" means contributions under Part 1 of the Social Security Contributions and Benefits (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 (c. 7).

2.–(1) This paragraph applies to information which is held for the purposes of functions relating to child support–

(a) by the Department or the Department for Employment and Learning, or

(b) by a person providing services to either of those Departments, in connection with the provision of those services.

(2) Information to which this paragraph applies may be supplied

(a) to the Commissioners for Her Majesty´s Revenue and Customs, or

(b) to a person providing services to them,

for use for the purposes of any of their functions.

Section 38.

SCHEDULE 4 MINOR AND CONSEQUENTIAL AMENDMENTS

The Child Support (Northern Ireland) Order 1991 (NI 23)

1.–(1) The Child Support Order is amended as follows.

(2) In Article 2(2) (interpretation)–

(a) at the appropriate places insert–

""curfew order" has the meaning given in Article 36G(1);

"deposit taker" means a person who, in the course of a business, may lawfully accept deposits in the United Kingdom;";

(b) in the definition of "liability order" for "Article 33(2)" substitute "Article 32M(2)".

(3) In that Article, after paragraph (2) add–

"(3) The definition of "deposit-taker" in paragraph (2) is to be read with–

(a) section 22 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000;

(b) any relevant order under that section; and

(4) In Article 10 (role of the courts with respect to maintenance for children), in paragraph (6)(b) (which refers to the non-resident parent´s net weekly income), for "net" substitute "gross".

(5) In Article 22 (appeals to appeal tribunals), in paragraph (1), after sub-paragraph (b) insert–

"(ba) a decision of the Department to make a liability order under Article 32M;".

(6) In paragraph (2) of that Article, after sub-paragraph (a) insert–

"(aa) in relation to sub-paragraph (ba), the person against whom the order is made;".

(7) After paragraph (5) of that Article insert–

"(5A) An appeal lies by virtue of paragraph (1)(ba) only on the following grounds–

(a) that the person has not failed to pay an amount of child support maintenance;

(b) that the amount in respect of which the liability order is made exceeds the amount of child support maintenance which the person has failed to pay.".

(8) After paragraph (7) of that Article insert

"(7A) In deciding an appeal against a decision of the Department to make a liability order, an appeal tribunal shall not question the maintenance calculation by reference to which the liability order was made.".

(9) In Article 30 (collection and enforcement of other forms of maintenance), in paragraph (4) for "which it is authorised to collect under this Article" substitute "for the collection of which it is authorised under this Article to make arrangements".

(10) In Article 32(2)(i) (regulations about deduction from earnings orders), for "the liable person is in the employment" substitute "any earnings are paid to the liable person by or on behalf".

(11) In Article 32(7) (regulations about appeals), after "include" insert

"–

(a) provision with respect to the period within which a right of appeal under the regulations may be exercised;

(b)".

(12) For Article 35 substitute–

"Enforcement of liability orders

35. Where a liability order has been made against a person–

(a) the order shall be enforceable by the Enforcement of Judgments Office on an application to it by the Department; and

(b) the Judgments Enforcement (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 shall apply with the necessary modifications in relation to the amount in respect of which the order was made, to the extent that it remains unpaid, as it applies in relation to a sum due under a money judgment (within the meaning of that Order).".

(13) For Article 36 substitute–

"Enforcement in Northern Ireland of English and Scottish liability orders

36. The Department may by regulations make provision for the enforcement in Northern Ireland of any order made in England and Wales or Scotland under provision corresponding to Article 32M or the repealed Article 33.".

(14) At the end of Article 37 (commitment to prison), add–

"(12) In this Article and Article 37A (except for the purposes of paragraph (8)(c) of that Article) "the court" means a court of summary jurisdiction.".

(15) In Article 37A (disqualification for driving), in paragraph (3)(b), for "Article 36A" substitute "this Article".

(16) In paragraph (7) of that Article, for "Article 36A" substitute "this Article".

(17) At the end of that Article, add–

"(12) In this Article "driving licence" means a licence to drive a motor vehicle granted under Part 2 of the Road Traffic (Northern Ireland) Order 1981."

(18) In Article 46 (unauthorised disclosure of information), in paragraph (1) (offence of unauthorised disclosure), for "this Article" substitute "this paragraph".

(19) In that Article, after paragraph (1) insert–

"(1A) Paragraph (1) applies to employment as–

(a) the Chief Child Support Officer;

(b) any other child support officer;

(d) any member of the staff of such a tribunal;

(e) a civil servant in connection with the carrying out of any functions under this Order,

and to employment of any other kind which is prescribed for the purposes of this Article.

(1B) Any person who is, or has been, employed in employment to which this paragraph applies is guilty of an offence if, without lawful authority, he discloses any information which–

(a) was acquired by him in the course of that employment;

(b) is information which is, or is derived from, information acquired or held for the purposes of this Order; and

(1C) Paragraph (1B) applies to any employment which–

(a) is not employment to which paragraph (1) applies; and

(b) is of a kind prescribed for the purposes of this paragraph.".

(20) In Article 48 (regulations and orders), in paragraph (2)(a) (regulations subject to confirmatory procedure)–

(a) after "30(4A)," insert "32A to 32C, 32E to 32J,";

(b) after "38B(6)," insert "38E(1)(a)".

(21) In that Article, for paragraph (2A) substitute–

"(2A) A statutory rule containing (whether alone or with other provisions)–

(a) the first regulations under Article 19(2) to make provision of the kind mentioned in Article 19(3)(a) or (b);

(b) the first regulations under Article 36F, 36L(4), 36O, 38D(2), 38E(2) or 45A;

(d) the first regulations under paragraph 9(1)(ba) of Schedule 1 to make provision of the kind mentioned in sub-paragraph (2) of that paragraph; or

(e) the first regulations under paragraph 10(1) of Schedule 1 to make provision of the kind mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(a) or (b) of that paragraph

shall be laid before the Assembly after being made and shall take effect on such date as may be specified in the regulations, but shall (without prejudice to the validity of anything done thereunder or to the making of new regulations) cease to have effect upon the expiration of a period of 6 months from that date unless at some time before the expiration of that period the regulations have been approved by a resolution of the Assembly.".

(22) After that paragraph insert–

"(2B) A statutory rule containing (whether alone or with other provisions) regulations which by virtue of Article 47A are to have effect for a limited period shall be laid before the Assembly after being made and shall take effect on such date as may be specified in the regulations, but shall (without prejudice to the validity of anything done thereunder or to the making of new regulations) cease to have effect upon the expiration of a period of 6 months from that date unless at some time before the expiration of that period the regulations have been approved by a resolution of the Assembly.".

(23) In Article 50(4) (application to Crown), for "a liable person is in the employment" substitute "any sums which are defined as earnings for the purposes of Articles 31 and 32 are paid to a liable person by or on behalf".

(24) In Schedule 1 (maintenance calculations), in paragraph 5(b) (weekly rate of child support maintenance to be nil if the non-resident parent has a weekly income below Â£5), for "Â£5" substitute "Â£7".

(25) In that Schedule, in paragraph 7 (reduction of basic and reduced rates for shared care), for sub-paragraph (1) substitute–

"(1) This paragraph applies where the rate of child support maintenance payable is the basic rate or a reduced rate or is determined under paragraph 5A.".

(26) In that Schedule, in paragraph 10A(1)(b) (regulations about amounts set out in Schedule 1)–

(a) after "paragraph" insert "2(2),";

(b) after "5," insert "5A(2),".

(27) In that Schedule, in paragraph 10C(1) (references to "qualifying children" to be read as references to those qualifying children with respect to whom the maintenance calculation falls to be made), at end insert "or with respect to whom a maintenance calculation in respect of the non-resident parent has effect".

(28) In that Schedule for paragraph 14 substitute–

"14. The Department may by regulations provide–

(a) for 2 or more applications for maintenance calculations to be treated, in prescribed circumstances, as a single application; and

(b) for the replacement, in prescribed circumstances, of a maintenance calculation made on the application of one person by a later maintenance calculation made on the application of that or any other person."

(29) In the Order as it has effect apart from the Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act (Northern Ireland) 2000 (c. 4), the following (which relate to Article 9 or 43) are repealed–

(a) Articles 13(1A) to (1C), 38(4)(c) and (d) and 38A(5)(c) and (d);

(b) paragraph 16(3) and (5)(b) of Schedule 1;

(i) in paragraphs 1(a) and 2(1)(a), the words ", a reduced benefit direction";

(ii) in paragraph 3, in sub-paragraph (1)(b), sub-paragraph (i) and the word "or" at the end of it, and sub-paragraph (3);

(iii) in paragraphs 4(1)(a)(i) and 6(1)(b)(ii) and (iii), the words ", a reduced benefit direction".

The Social Security Administration (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 (c. 8)

2.–(1) The Social Administration (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 is amended as follows.

(2) In section 103 (certain maintenance orders to be enforceable by the Department), for subsection (8) substitute–

"(8) In this section "maintenance order" means an order for the making of periodical payments under any statutory provision prescribed for the purposes of this subsection.".

(3) In section 115D (supply of information held by Revenue and Customs to the Department or the Secretary of State for use for the purposes of functions relating, inter alia, to child support), for subsection (2) substitute–

"(2) Information to which this section applies may, and subject to subsection (2A), must if an authorised officer so requires, be supplied–

(a) to the Department, or

(b) to a person providing services to the Department,

for use for the purposes of functions relating to social security, child support or employment or training.

(2ZA) Information to which this section applies may, and subject to subsection (2A), must if an authorised officer so requires, be supplied–

(a) to the Secretary of State, or

(b) to a person providing services to the Secretary of State,

for use for the purposes of functions relating to social security or employment or training.".

(4) In that section, in subsection (2A) (exclusion of power to require supply in case of information for use for the purposes of functions relating to employment or training), after "subsection (2)" insert "or (2ZA)".

(5) In section 115E (supply to Revenue and Customs of information held by Department or Secretary of State, including information held for the purposes of functions relating to child support), for subsection (1) substitute

"(1) This section applies to information which is held for the purposes of functions relating to social security, child support or employment or training–

(a) by the Department, or

(b) by a person providing services to the Department, in connection with the provision of those services.

(1A) This section also applies to information which is held for the purposes of functions relating to social security or employment or training–

(a) by the Secretary of State, or

(b) by a person providing services to the Secretary of State, in connection with the provision of those services.".

(6) In section 116 (supply of information held by tax authorities for fraud prevention and verification), in subsection (3) (prohibition of onward supply by recipient, except in specified circumstances), at the end of paragraph (c) add

"or

(d) it is supplied under paragraph 1 of Schedule 3 to the Child Maintenance Act (Northern Ireland) 2008.".

The Deregulation and Contracting Out (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 (NI 11)

3. In Article 17 of the Deregulation and Contracting Out (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 (social security: amendments following certain orders), at the end of paragraph (2) add "the Child Maintenance and Other Payments Act 2008".

Section 39.

SCHEDULE 5 REPEALS

Short Title	Extent of repeal
The Child Support (Northern Ireland) Order 1991 (NI 23).	In Article 7– (a) paragraphs (9) and (11); (b) in paragraph (10), sub-paragraph (b) and the word "or" immediately before it. Article 9. In Article 10(1), the words "or treated as made". In Article 11(6), sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) and the word "and" immediately preceding them. Article 13(3) to (5). In Article 14(2), the words from "(or" to "made)". In Article 16(1), the words "or treated as made" and "(or application treated as made)". Articles 18(1A)(b), 19(1)(c) and 22(1)(c), (2)(b) and (6). Article 22(1)(e) and (2)(d). In Article 27(1), the words "or treated as made". In Article 27A(1)– (a) in sub-paragraph (a), the words "or treated as made"; (b) in sub-paragraph (b), the words "or, as the case may be, treated as made". In Article 28(1)(a), the words "(or is treated as having been made)" and "or treated as made". In Article 28ZA(1)(a), the words from "or with" to "Article 43". In Article 28ZC– (a) in paragraph (1)(b)(i), the words from "or one" to "benefit"; (b) in paragraph (3), the words "or the reduction of a person´s benefit". In Article 28A– (a) in paragraph (1), the words ", or treated as made under Article 9,"; (b) in paragraph (3), the words from "(or" to "Article 9)". In Article 28F(4)(a), the words from "(including" to "made)". In Article 28J(1)(a), the words from ", or is" to "Article 9". In Article 29(1), sub-paragraph (a) and the word "or" at the end of it. Article 32(2)(a). Articles 33 and 34. Article 36A. In Article 38(1)(a), the words "or 9". Articles 43, 44 and 46(5). In Article 48(2), the words "9(1), (9) or (10)," and ", 43". In Schedule 1, in paragraph 9(a), the words from "or" to the end. In Schedule 4A, paragraph 5(2). In Schedule 4B, in paragraph 2(3)– (a) in paragraphs (a), (d) and (c), the words "(or treated as made)"; (b) in paragraph (c), the words "(or treated as having been applied for)".
The Social Security Administration (Northern Ireland) Act 1992 (c. 8).	Section 102. In section 116(3), the word "or" at the end of paragraph (b).
The Child Support (Northern Ireland) Order 1995 (NI 13).	In Schedule 3, paragraph 8.
The Welfare Reform and Pensions (Northern Ireland) Order 1999 (NI 11).	Article 71.
The Child Support, Pensions and Social Security Act (Northern Ireland) 2000 (c. 4).	Sections 3, 16(1), 18 and 27. In Schedule 3, paragraphs 13(b), 14(a), 15, 17, 18, 19(a), 21(a) and (d), 25 and 28(b).
The Employment Act 2002 (c. 22).	In Schedule 6, paragraphs 12(a) and 14(a).
The Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33).	In Schedule 24, paragraph 7.
The Welfare Reform Act (Northern Ireland) 2007 (c. 2).	In Schedule 3, paragraph 2(3) to (6).

Statutes of Northern Ireland

Child Maintenance Act (Northern Ireland) 2008

2008 CHAPTER 10

CONTENTS

PART 1 ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS OF THE DEPARTMENT

Promotion of child maintenance

Provision of information and guidance

Fees

Agency arrangements and provision of services

Contracting out

Supplementary provisions

PART 2 CHILD SUPPORT ETC.

Removal of compulsion for benefit claimants

Repeal of Articles 9 and 43

Maintenance calculations

Changes to the calculation of maintenance

Power to regulate supersession

Determination of applications for a variation

Transfer of cases to new rules

Collection and enforcement

Use of deduction from earnings orders as basic method of payment

Deduction from earnings orders: the liable person´s earnings

Orders for regular deductions from accounts

"Orders for regular deductions from accounts

Orders under Article 32A: joint accounts

Regulations about orders under Article 32A

Orders under Article 32A: offences

Lump sum deduction orders

"Lump sum deductions: interim orders

Lump sum deductions: final order

Orders under Articles 32E and 32F: freezing of accounts etc.

Orders under Article 32F: deductions and payments

Power to disapply Articles 32G(1) and (2) and 32H(2)(b) and (4)(b)

Regulations about orders under Article 32E or 32F

Lump sum deduction orders: offences

Orders preventing avoidance

"Orders preventing avoidanc

Administrative liability orders

"Liability orders

Regulations about liability orders

Disqualification for holding or obtaining travel authorisation

"Disqualification for holding or obtaining travel authorisation

Period for which orders under Article 36B are to have effect

Power to order search

Variation and revocation of orders following payment

Power to make supplementary provision

Curfew orders

"Applications for curfew order

Curfew orders: duration etc.

Recovery of costs relating to curfew orders

Curfew orders: the amount due

Power to order search

Monitoring of curfew orders

Breaches of curfew orders

Effect of custody on curfew orders and power to make curfew orders

Power to make supplementary provision about curfew orders

Commitment to prison

Disqualification for driving

"Disqualification for holding or obtaining driving licence

Debt management powers

Power to treat liability as satisfied

"Power to treat liability as satisfied

Power to accept part payment of arrears in full and final satisfaction

"Power to accept part payment of arrears in full and final satisfaction

Power to write off arrears

"Power to write off arrears

Transfer of arrears

"Transfer of arrears

Miscellaneous

Meaning of "child"

"Meaning of "child"

Offence of failing to notify change of address

Additional special case

Recovery of arrears from deceased´s estate

"Recovery of arrears from deceased´s estate

Disclosure of information relating to family proceedings

"Disclosure of information relating to family proceedings

Meaning of "family proceedings"

Disclosure of information to credit reference agencies

"Disclosure of information to credit reference agencie