Court of Justice of the European Communities (including Court of First Instance Decisions)

1 Actions for annulment - Actionable measures - Concept - Measures producing binding legal effects - Letter from the Commission refusing an organisation for consumer protection access to non-confidential documents in an anti-dumping proceeding
(EC Treaty, Art. 173)
2 Actions for annulment - Action contesting a decision confirming a decision which was not contested in good time - Inadmissible - Meaning of a confirmatory decision
(EC Treaty, Art. 173)

1 Only measures with binding legal effects capable of affecting the interests of the applicant by bringing about a distinct change in his legal position are capable of being the subject-matter of an application for annulment.
The interests of a consumer protection organisation are prejudiced in a direct and immediate manner by a letter from the Commission informing it that it cannot be considered to be a party with an interest in the proceeding and, consequently, refusing it access to a non-confidential file.
In that context, the particular form in which acts and decisions are adopted is, in principle, immaterial so far as concerns the possibility of their being challenged by an action for annulment, and it is their substance which must be examined in order to determine whether they constitute measures within the meaning of Article 173. Where the decision in question contains a clear and definitive consideration of the request put to the Commission, the character of the decision cannot be called in question merely on the ground that the request was considered only by the Commission's staff.
2 An application for annulment brought against a decision which merely confirms an earlier decision which has not been challenged in good time is inadmissible. A decision is a mere confirmation of an earlier decision where it contains no new factors as compared with the earlier measure and is not preceded by any reexamination of the situation of the addressee of the earlier measure.